PIZZICATO (pizz.) – indicates notes should be plucked rather than bowed. Pizzicato is usually played by the right hand. Generally, the fleshy part of the tip of the right forefinger is used with the right thumb placed against the right side of the fingerboard to support the hand. A return to bowing is indicated by the term arco.
Left hand pizzicato is indicated by the + sign placed over or under the note, and is sometimes used while the right hand continues to use the bow (it generally is played by plucking with the 4th finger of the left hand).
VIBRATO - Vibrato is similar to vocal vibrato -- it's a slight and rapid fluctuation in pitch, and is used to add warmth and expression to music. Although violinists often use a finger and hand vibrato, cellists use their entire left forearm in conjunction with their hand and finger to produce a warm, rich vibrato. Variations in the width and speed of the vibrato can produce a wide range of expression.
